C.Killmaster
Georgia Deer Biologist
Predation is much like habitat, if you have a problem on your property then you manage it. Here is how you deal with coyotes:
1. Monitor fawn recruitment. Evenly distribute trail cameras across the property at the rate of one per 100 acres (1 per 150 on larger properties is sufficient). Between November and January, leave the cameras out for two weeks over corn. Tally up all the fawn occurrences and adult doe occurrences. Divide the fawns by the does to get your recruitment rate. Excellent recruitment would be 0.75 and up. Between 0.5 and 0.75, reduce your doe harvest or cut out doe harvest for one season. Below 0.5, reduce/eliminate doe harvest and consider removing some coyotes.
*If your doe harvest exceeds 1 doe per 150 acres, you are reducing your local population. Combine that with a predation issue and things go down hill fast.
2. Managing coyotes. If your recruitment is low, coyotes may be the primary issue or they may not. Habitat can also impact recruitment; monitoring deer health parameters, such as body weight and antler measurements by age class, should tell you if habitat is a problem. You can contact a State biologist for local data to compare yours with (this will also be available on the web within a few weeks). Once satisfied that habitat is not the primary issue, you should consider coyote removal. To improve fawn recruitment, coyotes must be trapped starting a few weeks before peak fawning and throughout fawning. Your local fawning dates are 6.5 months or ~200 days after peak rut ( www.georgiawildlife.com/rut-map ). Shooting or trapping coyotes earlier than this will have no impact on fawning. Unless you're an experienced trapper, you should hire a professional. An inexperienced trapper can educate coyotes so that even a professional may not be able to trap them that year. If you're learning to trap, do it in a season or on a property where coyotes aren't currently impacting fawn recruitment.
3. Continue to monitor fawn recruitment and collect biological data from the deer you kill. This not only tells you when you have a problem, but what the root cause of the problem is. State biologists are available to help you learn to collect these data, analyze data, and make recommendations on how to resolve issues with habitat, harvest, and predation. Also, don't overlook the negative impacts of hogs that out-compete deer for many of the same resources.
1. Monitor fawn recruitment. Evenly distribute trail cameras across the property at the rate of one per 100 acres (1 per 150 on larger properties is sufficient). Between November and January, leave the cameras out for two weeks over corn. Tally up all the fawn occurrences and adult doe occurrences. Divide the fawns by the does to get your recruitment rate. Excellent recruitment would be 0.75 and up. Between 0.5 and 0.75, reduce your doe harvest or cut out doe harvest for one season. Below 0.5, reduce/eliminate doe harvest and consider removing some coyotes.
*If your doe harvest exceeds 1 doe per 150 acres, you are reducing your local population. Combine that with a predation issue and things go down hill fast.
2. Managing coyotes. If your recruitment is low, coyotes may be the primary issue or they may not. Habitat can also impact recruitment; monitoring deer health parameters, such as body weight and antler measurements by age class, should tell you if habitat is a problem. You can contact a State biologist for local data to compare yours with (this will also be available on the web within a few weeks). Once satisfied that habitat is not the primary issue, you should consider coyote removal. To improve fawn recruitment, coyotes must be trapped starting a few weeks before peak fawning and throughout fawning. Your local fawning dates are 6.5 months or ~200 days after peak rut ( www.georgiawildlife.com/rut-map ). Shooting or trapping coyotes earlier than this will have no impact on fawning. Unless you're an experienced trapper, you should hire a professional. An inexperienced trapper can educate coyotes so that even a professional may not be able to trap them that year. If you're learning to trap, do it in a season or on a property where coyotes aren't currently impacting fawn recruitment.
3. Continue to monitor fawn recruitment and collect biological data from the deer you kill. This not only tells you when you have a problem, but what the root cause of the problem is. State biologists are available to help you learn to collect these data, analyze data, and make recommendations on how to resolve issues with habitat, harvest, and predation. Also, don't overlook the negative impacts of hogs that out-compete deer for many of the same resources.